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Hydrotreating & Hydrocracking Process Technology Training Course

Builds expertise in hydrotreating and hydrocracking units, from catalysts, reactor design and hydrogen use to deactivation, run length and troubleshooting.

DOW · Downstream Operations, Refining, Petrochemicals & Industrial OperationsAll Levels#2981ClassroomEnglish , Arabic
Duration
5 Days
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Free substitution at any time · 30+ days' notice: full refund minus 10%. Cancellation policy

Course Overview

The Hydrotreating & Hydrocracking Process Technology Training Course is an advanced technical program dedicated to the hydroprocessing units that remove sulfur, nitrogen, and metals from refinery streams and convert heavy gas oils into high-value middle distillates. Where general refinery courses touch on these units in passing, this course examines them in depth, from reaction chemistry and catalysts to reactor internals, hydrogen systems, and cycle-length management. Tighter fuel specifications, heavier and more sour crudes, and a growing share of cracked feedstocks have placed hydroprocessing at the center of refinery profitability and compliance. These units run at high pressure and temperature with strongly exothermic reactions, so engineers and operators must understand how feed quality, catalyst condition, and operating variables interact to protect product quality, catalyst life, and safety. The program covers hydrotreating and hydrocracking chemistry, catalyst types and activation, reactor and unit design, quench and flow distribution, recycle gas and makeup hydrogen management, catalyst deactivation mechanisms, performance normalization, run-length prediction, corrosion in reactor effluent systems, and structured troubleshooting of temperature excursions, pressure drop, and off-specification products. The course is particularly suitable for process engineers, technical services specialists, unit supervisors, and senior operators working on naphtha, kerosene, diesel, vacuum gas oil, and hydrocracking units in refineries and downstream companies.

Learning Objectives

  • By the end of the course, participants will be able to:
  • Explain the reaction chemistry, thermodynamics, and kinetics of hydrotreating and hydrocracking processes.
  • Analyze how feedstock properties influence hydrogen consumption, heat release, and catalyst performance.
  • Evaluate catalyst types, loading practices, activation procedures, and selection criteria for different services.
  • Analyze the design and function of reactors, internals, quench systems, separators, and recycle gas circuits.
  • Apply the effects of pressure, temperature, space velocity, and gas-to-oil ratio to unit optimization.
  • Manage hydrogen partial pressure, recycle gas purity, and makeup hydrogen supply effectively.
  • Identify catalyst deactivation mechanisms and their impact on activity, selectivity, and run length.
  • Apply normalized performance monitoring to predict end-of-run conditions and plan catalyst change-out.
  • Diagnose temperature excursions, pressure drop, corrosion, and off-specification product problems systematically.
  • Develop a practical hydroprocessing unit performance and run-length improvement plan.

Who Should Attend

This course is designed for professionals responsible for the operation, monitoring, and optimization of hydroprocessing units. It is particularly suitable for Process Engineers, Technical Services Engineers, Hydroprocessing Unit Engineers, Operations Engineers, Shift Supervisors, Senior Panel Operators, and Process Technologists. It is equally relevant to oil refineries, integrated refining and petrochemical complexes, national oil companies, and downstream engineering organizations operating naphtha, distillate, vacuum gas oil, or hydrocracking units. Those who benefit most already understand general refinery operations and need deeper, unit-level expertise in catalysts, hydrogen management, and troubleshooting.

Learning Outcomes

  • Upon completion of the course, participants will be able to:
  • Explain the main hydrotreating and hydrocracking reactions and their operating limitations.
  • Relate feedstock properties to hydrogen consumption, heat release, and achievable product quality.
  • Compare hydroprocessing catalyst types and select suitable catalyst systems for specific services.
  • Plan catalyst loading, drying, presulfiding, and start-up activation activities.
  • Interpret the function of reactor internals, quench systems, and recycle gas circuits.
  • Monitor hydrogen partial pressure, recycle gas purity, and the unit hydrogen balance.
  • Recognize the early signs of catalyst deactivation, poisoning, and pressure drop build-up.
  • Normalize unit performance data and forecast catalyst run length with confidence.
  • Identify corrosion and metallurgical risks in reactor effluent and high-pressure systems.
  • Respond correctly to temperature excursions and other abnormal operating conditions.
  • Prepare a practical performance and run-length improvement plan for a hydroprocessing unit.

Course Outline

Course Outline

Day 1

Hydroprocessing Fundamentals & Reaction Chemistry

  • Role of hydrotreating and hydrocracking in clean fuels production and heavy oil upgrading.
  • Typical feedstocks from naphtha and distillates to vacuum gas oil and cracked stocks.
  • Hydrodesulfurization, hydrodenitrogenation, and hydrodeoxygenation reactions.
  • Olefin saturation, aromatic saturation, and their thermodynamic equilibrium limits.
  • Refractory sulfur compounds and the challenge of ultra-low sulfur diesel production.
  • Hydrocracking reactions, isomerization, and middle distillate selectivity.
  • Heat of reaction, reactor temperature rise, and chemical hydrogen consumption.
  • Key operating variables: hydrogen partial pressure, temperature, space velocity, and gas-to-oil ratio.
  • Practical application: Estimate hydrogen consumption and reactor temperature rise for a given feed and sulfur target.
Day 2

Hydroprocessing Catalysts: Selection, Loading & Activation

  • Cobalt-molybdenum, nickel-molybdenum, and nickel-tungsten catalyst formulations.
  • Bifunctional hydrocracking catalysts and the balance between metal and acid functions.
  • Zeolite versus amorphous silica-alumina catalysts and their effect on product yields.
  • Graded bed design and guard beds for particulates, metals, and silicon.
  • Sock loading versus dense loading and their effect on flow distribution.
  • Catalyst drying, presulfiding methods, and start-up activation procedures.
  • Catalyst regeneration, rejuvenation, and reuse decisions.
  • Safe unloading and handling of spent, self-heating catalyst.
  • Practical application: Develop a catalyst loading and activation plan for a diesel hydrotreater.
Day 3

Reactor Design, Unit Configuration & Hydrocracking Schemes

  • Trickle-bed reactor design and fixed-bed reactor internals.
  • Inlet distributors, distribution trays, and inter-bed quench mixing zones.
  • High-pressure and low-pressure separators, stripping, and product fractionation.
  • Recycle gas compressor, amine scrubbing, and hydrogen sulfide removal.
  • Single-stage, two-stage, once-through, and recycle hydrocracking configurations.
  • Mild hydrocracking and fluid catalytic cracking feed pretreatment applications.
  • Reactor metallurgy, hydrogen embrittlement, and high-temperature hydrogen attack.
  • Wash water injection and ammonium salt corrosion in reactor effluent air coolers.
  • Practical application: Trace a hydrocracker flow scheme and identify critical control points and corrosion risks.
Day 4

Hydrogen Management, Catalyst Deactivation & Run Length

  • Refinery hydrogen balance and makeup hydrogen sources and purity.
  • Recycle gas purity, purge rate, and reactor outlet hydrogen partial pressure.
  • Chemical consumption, solution losses, and mechanical hydrogen losses.
  • Coke deposition and its dependence on hydrogen partial pressure and feed endpoint.
  • Metals, arsenic, silicon, and organic nitrogen poisoning of catalysts.
  • Start-of-run and end-of-run temperatures and catalyst deactivation rate.
  • Normalizing reactor temperatures for changes in feed rate and feed quality.
  • Pressure drop build-up, fouling sources, and catalyst skimming decisions.
  • Practical application: Normalize operating data and forecast the end-of-run date for a hydrotreating unit.
Day 5

Troubleshooting, Safe Operation & Unit Optimization

  • Temperature excursions and runaway risk in hydrocracking reactors.
  • Emergency depressuring philosophy and operator response.
  • Radial temperature spread, hot spots, and flow maldistribution.
  • Off-specification sulfur, color, cloud point, and distillation endpoint.
  • Recycle compressor trips, loss of quench gas, and loss of feed.
  • Ammonium salt fouling, exchanger leaks, and separator liquid carryover.
  • Normal start-up, shutdown, and catalyst protection procedures.
  • Optimizing yields, cycle length, and hydrogen use under changing feeds.
  • Final practical workshop: Develop a Hydroprocessing Unit Improvement Plan covering feed, catalyst performance, hydrogen management, run length, troubleshooting, safety, and key performance indicators.

Upcoming Dates

Selected date

Barcelona · 22 – 26 Feb 2027 · Classroom

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CityDatesPrice per ParticipantEarly Bird
GenevaScheduled
9 – 13 Nov 2026€7,300—
JeddahScheduled
15 – 19 Nov 2026€4,800—
IstanbulScheduled
16 – 20 Nov 2026€5,300—
KigaliScheduled
23 – 27 Nov 2026€7,700€6,930until 2 Nov
LisbonScheduled
30 Nov – 4 Dec 2026€6,000€5,400until 9 Nov
Kuala LumpurScheduled
30 Nov – 4 Dec 2026€4,700€4,230until 9 Nov
LondonScheduled
7 – 11 Dec 2026€5,800€5,220until 16 Nov
MadinahScheduled
14 – 18 Dec 2026€4,800€4,320until 23 Nov
MakkahScheduled
21 – 25 Dec 2026€4,800€4,320until 30 Nov
MadridScheduled
21 – 25 Dec 2026€6,000€5,400until 30 Nov
ManamaScheduled
28 Dec 2026 – 1 Jan 2027€5,300€4,770until 7 Dec
OnlineScheduled
3 – 7 Jan 2027€2,700€2,430until 14 Dec
MuscatScheduled
4 – 8 Jan 2027€6,300€5,670until 14 Dec
ParisScheduled
11 – 15 Jan 2027€6,700€6,030until 21 Dec
RiyadhScheduled
18 – 22 Jan 2027€4,800€4,320until 28 Dec
SalalahScheduled
18 – 22 Jan 2027€6,300€5,670until 28 Dec
ViennaScheduled
25 – 29 Jan 2027€6,400€5,760until 4 Jan
AbujaScheduled
1 – 5 Feb 2027€7,700€6,930until 11 Jan
AccraScheduled
1 – 5 Feb 2027€7,700€6,930until 11 Jan
AmmanScheduled
7 – 11 Feb 2027€4,000€3,600until 18 Jan
AmsterdamScheduled
15 – 19 Feb 2027€6,000€5,400until 25 Jan
BarcelonaScheduled
22 – 26 Feb 2027€6,000€5,400until 1 Feb
BakuScheduled
22 – 26 Feb 2027€5,300€4,770until 1 Feb
BeirutScheduled
28 Feb – 4 Mar 2027€4,500€4,050until 8 Feb
CairoScheduled
7 – 11 Mar 2027€3,800€3,420until 15 Feb
Cape TownScheduled
8 – 12 Mar 2027€7,700€6,930until 15 Feb
DammamScheduled
14 – 18 Mar 2027€4,800€4,320until 22 Feb
DohaScheduled
21 – 25 Mar 2027€4,700€4,230until 1 Mar
DubaiScheduled
28 Mar – 1 Apr 2027€4,700€4,230until 8 Mar
ErbilScheduled
28 Mar – 1 Apr 2027€4,000€3,600until 8 Mar

Available in: Istanbul · Dubai · London · Riyadh · Doha · Amsterdam

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